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	<title>绿色播报IF Green &#187; 尿素</title>
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	<description>发现生活中的绿色</description>
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		<title>尿液变身为清洁能源</title>
		<link>http://www.if-g.com/eco/20090713/1073.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.if-g.com/eco/20090713/1073.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2009 00:37:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>lemur</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[再生能源]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[科技]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gerardine Botte]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[John Stickney]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[尿液]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[尿素]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[燃料电池]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[
绿报：美国押注于氢燃料，试图一步过渡到完全的清洁能源。因此找到便捷的氢来源是关键所在。
有没有想过尿液驱动的汽车、家电设备？上周，美国俄亥俄大学的科学家们告诉了我们这是有... <p><script type="text/javascript"><!--
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.if-g.com/green/uploads/2009/07/urine-shower-dubbagol.jpg" alt="urine-shower-dubbagol" title="urine-shower-dubbagol" width="360" height="486" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1075" /></p>
<blockquote><p>绿报：美国押注于氢燃料，试图一步过渡到完全的清洁能源。因此找到便捷的氢来源是关键所在。</p></blockquote>
<p>有没有想过尿液驱动的汽车、家电设备？上周，美国俄亥俄大学的科学家们告诉了我们这是有可能的，通过他们最新研发的技术，这种想法可在6个月内变成现实。利用该技术，可以从尿液中获得氢气用于燃料电池。<br />
科学家们利用镍电极可以从尿中提取大量而且便宜的氢，而氢则可以作为汽车的燃料或用于制造燃料电池。负责该项技术研究的俄亥俄大学科学家杰Gerardine Botte介绍说，“一头母牛的尿液可以为19个家庭提供足够烧热水的能量。战士们在战场上可以利用自己的尿液作为燃料，而且携带方便。”<br />
这一新的发现同时也替氢利用技术的一些难题找到了便捷的解决办法。氢利用最难得在于获取氢往往需要消耗大量电能，通过电解水获得氢气用于燃料电池有些得不偿失。而Botte的研究团队发现，通过尿液获得氢气的过程中用电量比通过水获得氢气用电量少许多。</p>
<p><img src="http://www.if-g.com/green/uploads/2009/07/power-lines.jpg" alt="power-lines" title="power-lines" width="480" height="319" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1076" /></p>
<p><span id="more-1073"></span></p>
<p>尿素是尿液中的主要成分之一，其中包含了四个氢原子和两个氮原子。将一个特制的镍电极插入到尿液容器中，通上电流后就会释放出氢气来。波特现在所发明的尿燃料电池原型尺寸较小，仅能产生500毫瓦的电量。他们下一步的目标就是将该技术实现工业化生产并广泛应用。据Botte估计，每加仑尿液理论上可以保证尿动力燃料电池汽车跑90英里。一个电冰箱大小的尿燃料电池可以产生一千瓦的电能。乔治亚大学的John Stickney教授说：“一家养鸡场通过尿液产生的电能足够维持其正常运转。”据悉，针对大型养殖场的尿能源获得装置模型将会在6个月内面世。在美国养殖场被要求对牲畜排泄废物进行处理，这种变尿液为清洁能源的新技术无疑能取得一举两得的效果。</p>
<p>[来源：<a  href="http://tech.sina.com.cn/d/2009-07-10/08153251833.shtml">新浪科技</a>  <a  href="http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2009/07/08/urine-power.html">Discovery</a>]<br />
[图片来源：<a  href="http://www.dubbagol.com/Humour/Camel_Urine_Shower/">Dubbagol</a>]
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